"anxious, neurotic, depressed, angry, and confused" are 5 of the Dependent Variables in the way the investigators are conceptualizing this study. Their thinking is that body building causes a person to decrease in these negative emotions.

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Hypertext tutorial to teach social science experimental design by Don R. Osborn is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 United States License.
Based on a work at cas.bellarmine.edu.
Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at drosborn@bellarmine.edu.